ASSIGNMENT 01
ENGLISH FOR
BUSSINESS 2#
4KA19
Dicka
Agung Dias Putra (13114033)
1. Subject, Verb, Complement and Modifier.
·
Subject
Subject
complement is a noun , pronoun , adjective , or another construction (acting as
a noun or adjective ) following verbs of being or linking verb and serves to
explain or refer to the subject of the sentence .
Subject
complement is divided into three , namely : predicate adjective ( subjects
connected with the adjective ) , predicate noun ( subject associated with the
noun ) , and predicate pronoun ( subject connected with the pronoun ) .
For
example:
-
He is such a smart guy.
-
“He” is the subject of the sentence,
controlling the verb and the complement.
-
Kenny G. plays the Saxophone.
-
The subject “Kenny G.” performs the action of “playing the Saxophone”.
To
determine the subject of a sentence, first isolate the verb and then make a
question by placing “who?” or “what?” before it. Having identified the Subject,
we can see that the remainder of the sentence tells us what the Subject does or
did. We refer to this string as the “predicate” of the sentence.
For
example:
-
Who plays the Saxophone ?
-
“Kenny G.” (Subject)
-
“plays the Saxophone” ( = predicate) tells us what Kenny G. does.
·
Verb
verb
( verb ) is a function word to indicate the action of the subject , showing
events or circumstances . Verb is one of the eight parts of speech .
English
verbs are not always simple shape (one word) , but may be the result of a
combination of phrases into phrasal verbs with particle (get in , make-up ,
read over) .
For
example:
*
Paul rides a bicycle.
*
Here, the verb rides certainly denotes an action which Paul performs – the
action of riding a bicycle.
* We
buy some books to learn English verbs.
* In
this example, the action word is “to buy”. It tells us that the subject “we”,
that is the person who performs the action of the verb is “buying some books”.
The
verb tense shows the time of the action or state. Aspect shows whether the
action or state is completed or not. Voice is used to show relationships
between the action and the people affected by it. Mood shows the attitude of
the speaker about the verb, whether it is a declaration or an order. Verbs can
be affected by person and number to show agreement with the subject.
Most
statements in speech and writing have a main verb. These verbs are expressed in
“tenses” which place everything in a point in time.
·
Complement
A
complement is the part of a Sentence that comes after the VERB and is needed to
make the sentence complete. The following are the most important types of
complement used in English:
a.
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
Eg:
He’s a surveyor. (The Subject is completed by the complement to the verb. This
is a Copula Verb.
b. OBJECT COMPLEMEN
Eg:
She sent him the fax. (The sentence is completed by telling us what she sent to
him.)
c. ADJECTIVAL COMPLEMENT
Eg:
They’ll be happy. (The sentence is completed by the Adjective; this could be
extended further,
they’ll
be happy to see us, etc..)
d. PREPOSITIONAL COMPLEMENT
Eg:
They talked about what needed doing. (The setence is completed by the Phrase
linked to
the
verb by the Preposition.)
·
Modifier
tells
the time, place or manner of the action. Very often it’s a prepositional
phrase. Prepotional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition
and ends with a noun.
Note
:
A
modifier of time usually comes last if more than one modifier is present.
Example
of prepositional phrases :
In
the morning, at university, on the table
A
modifier can also be an adverb or an adverbial phrase :
Last
night, hurriedly, next year, outdoors, yesterday
Example
: John bought a book at the bookstore
(modifier
place)
Jill
was swimming in the pool yesterday
(modifier
of place) (modifier of time)
Note
:
The
modifier normally follows the complement, but not always. However, the
modifier, especially when it’s a prepositional phrase, usually can’t separate
the verb and the complement.
Example
: She drove the car on the street
(verb)
(complement)
2.
20 Examples of sentences with Subject, Verb, Complement, and Modifier.
1.
Rezza / is watching / movie / tonight
Subject /
Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of Time
2.
Firah dan Mita / have visited / the officer
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement
3.
We / can play / in this park / today
Subject / Verb Phrase / Modifier of Place / Modifier
of Time
4.
Dims / should / have brought shirt / tomorrow
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of Time
5.
Fitri / is washing / dishes / right now
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of Time
6.
George / is cooking /dinner / tonight
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of
Time
7.
Henry and Marcia / have visited / the president
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement
8.
We / can eat / lunch / in this
restaurant / today
Subject / Verb / Complement / Modifier of Place /
Modifier of Time
9.
Pat / should have bought / gasoline / yesterday
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of
Time
10. Tress / grows / tall / everyday
Subject / Verb / Complement / Modifier of Time
11. It / was raining / at seven o’clock
this morning
Subject / Verb Phrase / Modifier of Time
12. She / opened / a checking account / at
the bank / last week
Subject / Verb / Complement / Modifier of Place / Modifier
of Time
13. Harry / is washing / dishes / right
now
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of Time
14. She / opened / her book
Subject / Verb / Complement
15. Paul, William and Mary / were
watching / television / a few minutes ago
Subject / Verb Phrase / Complement / Modifier of Time
16. Sean / plays / video games /
everyday
Subject / Verb / Complement / Modifier of Time
17. Luke / is repairing / the TV / last
night
Subject / Verb Phrase / Compliment / Modifier of
Time
18. Miranda / will be going to / a prom
night / tonight
Subject / Verb Phrase / Compliment / Modifier of
Time
19. Pomade / is used by / many man /
around the world
Subject / Verb Phrase / Compliment / Modifier of
Time
20. Felice / is my beloved / cat
Subject / Verb Phrase / Compliment
3. A TEXT IN ENGLISH WITH SUBJECT,
VERB, COMPLEMENT, AND MODIFIER.
The Eagle Who Lived
Like A Hen.
In a forest an eagle lived on a tree. It had built a nest wherein to lay
its eggs. There the eagle would hatch its eggs all through the day.
Under the same tree there lived a hen. The hen had also laid eggs during
the same period when the eagle had laid its eggs.
One day, while the eagle had gone for hunting, a bear climbed up the tree
to eat the eagle’s eggs. The bear had finished three of the eggs when the
fourth one slipped off its hands and fell into the hen’s nest. On returning,
the eagle could not find her eggs. Feeling terribly upset, she decided to leave
the place.
The hen which lived under the tree saw the eagle’s egg by the side of her
eggs. She felt eggs pity on the eagle’s egg, and decided to hatch it too. After
a few days, the hen’s chicks hatched. The eagle’s chick hatched, too.
The hen would feed all the chicks, including the eagle’s chick, as if it
were her own. Soon the chicks began to grow.
The young chicks would listen to their mother’s sounds and try to imitate
her. The eagle’s chick also picked up the hen’s sounds. The chicks would all
play together and make lots of noise.
Within no time the hen’s chicks as well as the eagle’s chick grew up to
their full size. The eagle’s chick never realized that it was an eagle and not
a hen. Considering itself a hen, the eagle would. eat hen’s food, would walk
and run like other hens and would make sounds like hens. The eagle never learnt
to fly like other eagles and lived its whole life like a hen only.
Sentences with Subject, Verb,
Complement, Modifier
Paragraph 1
-
In a forest / an eagle / lived / on a tree.
-
Modifier of place /
subject/ verb phrase / modifier of place
-
It / had built / a nest / wherein to lay / its eggs.
-
Subject / verb phrase
/ complement / modifier of place / complement.
-
There / the eagle / would hatch / its eggs all / through the day.
-
Modifier of place /
subject / verb phrase / subject / modifier of time.
Paragraph 2
-
Under the same tree / there lived / a hen.
-
Modifier of place /
verb phrase / subject.
-
The hen / had also laid / eggs / during the same period when / the eagle / had laid / its eggs.
-
Subject / verb phrase
/ complement / modifier of time / subject / verb phrase / complement.
Paragraph 3
-
One day, while / the eagle / had gone for hunting, / a bear / climbed up / the tree / to eat / the eagle’s eggs.
-
Complement of time / subject / verb
phrase / subject / verb phrase / complement / verb / complement.
-
The bear / had finished / three of the eggs / when the fourth one / slipped off / its hands and / fell into / the hen’s nest.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement /
modifier / verb phrase / complement / verb phrase / modifier of place.
-
On returning, / the eagle / could not find / her eggs.
-
Modifier of time / subject / verb /
complement.
-
she / decided to leave / the place.
-
Subject / verb / modifier of place.
Paragraph 4
-
The hen / which lived / under the tree / saw / the eagle’s egg / by the side of her eggs.
-
Subject / verb phrase / modifier of
place / verb / complement / modifier of place.
-
She / felt eggs pity on / the eagle’s egg, / and decided to hatch it too.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement /
verb phrase
-
After a few days, / the hen’s chicks / hatched.
-
Modifier of time / subject / verb.
-
The eagle’s chick / hatched, too.
-
subject / verb.
Paragraph 5
-
The hen / would feed / all the chicks, / including / the eagle’s chick, / as if it were / her own.
Subject / verb phrase / complement /
verb / complement / verb / complement.
-
Soon / the chicks / began to grow.
-
Modifier of time / subject / verb
phrase.
Paragraph 6
-
The young chicks / would listen to / their mother’s sounds / and try to imitate / her.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement /
verb / subject.
-
The eagle’s chick / also picked up / the hen’s sounds.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement.
-
The chicks / would all play together and make / lots of noise.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement.
Paragraph 7
-
Within no time / the hen’s chicks / as well as / the eagle’s chick / grew up to / their full size.
-
Modifier of time / subject / verb /
complement / verb / complement.
-
The eagle’s chick / never realized that it was / an
eagle and not a hen.
-
Subject / verb phrase / subject.
-
Considering itself a hen, / the eagle /would eat / hen’s food, / would walk and run / like other hens and / would make / sounds like hens.
-
Verb phrase / subject / verb phrase
/ complement / verb phrase / complement / verb phrase / complement.
-
The eagle / never learnt to fly like / other eagles / and lived its whole life / like a hen only.
-
Subject / verb phrase / complement /
verb phrase / complement.
Reference :
